Our research is broadly based on the design and fabrication of novel sensors and sensor arrays for biological molecules and agents, in particular bacterial protein toxins, peptides, and microbes. The multidisciplinary research carried out in our group encompasses aspects of molecular recogntion, supramolecular assembly, charge transfer, optical and impedance spectroscopy, voltammetry, and microfluidics. Major areas of interest include biosensor/arrays based on self-assembled monolayer or supported bilayers which mimic cell surface interactions, functional materials for analytical purposes synthesized by using principles of supramolecular chemistry, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for label-free detection of protein toxins.